Which veins are classified as deep veins of the upper extremity?

The classification of veins in the upper extremity into deep veins includes the radial, ulnar, brachial, axillary, subclavian, innominate, and superior vena cava (SVC). Deep veins are located within the muscle compartments of the arm and are surrounded by fascial structures, allowing them to effectively accompany arteries and play a crucial role in the return of blood to the heart.

The radial and ulnar veins, while important, are considered superficial veins when alone, as they primarily drain the forearm. The basilic and cephalic veins are examples of superficial veins that run closer to the surface and are not classified as deep veins due to their anatomical position.

The femoral and popliteal veins pertain to the lower extremities and are not relevant to the upper extremity classification. Therefore, the comprehensive list provided in the correct choice accurately captures the deep veins associated with the upper extremity's vascular system, highlighting their significance in circulation and their anatomical connections.