Which artery is also known as the hypogastric artery?

The internal iliac artery is referred to as the hypogastric artery due to its anatomical location and the areas it supplies. This artery branches off from the common iliac artery and descends into the pelvis, supplying blood to the pelvic organs, the buttocks, and the medial and lateral compartments of the thigh. The term "hypogastric" specifically refers to its association with the lower abdominal region (hypogastric region), indicating the artery's role in nourishing structures located in the pelvis.

Understanding the significance of the internal iliac artery is crucial when studying vascular structures, as it directly influences blood flow to essential pelvic organs and muscles. This knowledge can assist in diagnosing various conditions related to pelvic vascular supply. The other arteries listed—external iliac artery, common femoral artery, and deep femoral artery—have different anatomical roles and locations, emphasizing the uniqueness of the internal iliac artery and its designation as the hypogastric artery.