Which anatomical structure can cause reversible celiac artery stenosis when compressed?

The correct answer is the median arcuate ligament. This structure is a fibrous band that forms part of the diaphragm and extends from the right to the left side of the body, arching over the aorta. In certain individuals, particularly those who have anatomical predispositions, the median arcuate ligament can compress the celiac artery, leading to a condition known as celiac artery compression syndrome or median arcuate ligament syndrome.

During exhalation or when sitting, the ligament may exert pressure on the celiac artery, resulting in stenosis. Importantly, this compression can be reversible; when the patient changes position, such as moving from sitting to standing or taking a deep breath, the pressure may be alleviated, improving blood flow through the artery. This phenomenon highlights the dynamic nature of vascular compression due to anatomical structures.

Other options, while they can be clinically significant, do not specifically lead to reversible stenosis of the celiac artery in the same manner as the median arcuate ligament. For instance, the diaphragm can influence respiration and circulation, but it does not perform the same specific compressive role on the celiac artery. The renal fascia and aortic cross-section are related to other anatomical and clinical considerations, but they do not