What primary function do the common iliac arteries serve?

The common iliac arteries primarily function to supply oxygenated blood to the pelvis and lower limbs. They are crucial branches of the abdominal aorta, dividing into the internal and external iliac arteries. The internal iliac artery supplies blood to the pelvic organs, while the external iliac artery continues down into the lower limbs, becoming the femoral artery.

Understanding the role of these arteries is essential in vascular anatomy, particularly in the context of blood flow to major areas of the body. The other options involve organs that receive blood from different arterial sources: the kidneys receive blood from the renal arteries, the liver is supplied by the hepatic artery, and the brain is primarily supplied by the carotid arteries. Thus, the common iliac arteries' role in delivering blood to the pelvis and lower extremities is specific and vital for body function and mobility.