To what structure is the transplanted renal artery anastomosed in a renal transplant?

In a renal transplant procedure, the transplanted renal artery is typically anastomosed to either the external iliac artery or the internal iliac artery. This choice is correct because the iliac arteries provide a suitable blood supply that can accommodate the vascular needs of the transplanted kidney. The external iliac artery is particularly favored due to its accessibility and adequate diameter for proper anastomosis.

The iliac arteries are located in the pelvis, making them anatomically ideal for transplant procedures, as they can effectively maintain blood flow and pressure to the transplanted organ. This connection ensures that the newly transplanted kidney receives a sufficient blood supply necessary for its function and survival.

Connecting the renal artery to major arteries such as the superior mesenteric artery, femoral artery, or common carotid artery would not be appropriate due to various anatomical and functional reasons, including issues with blood flow dynamics, accessibility, and potential complications from improper blood supply. This reinforces the significance of the external and internal iliac arteries in renal transplantation techniques.